Encouragement and punishment are legal institutes of criminal-executive law, which are characterized by their own specific system of principles, aimed to fulfill the role  of direction  and  development  of  this institution,  ensuring  the  consistency and logic of the process of law -making and enforcement activities.

The system of principles of institutes of encouragement and punishment in the execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment are: 1) general legal principles; 2) intersectoral principles; 3) the principles of criminal-executive law, the process of execution and serving of criminal punishment; 4) special principles of the institutions of encouragement and punishment.

Despite  the  important  role  of  the  general  legal  and  sectoral  principles  of criminal-executive  law,  the  main  essence  and  content  of  the  activity  of  the penitentiary  administration  on  the  use  of  measures  of  encouragement  and punishment to convicted persons is disclosed in the specific principles inherent in this activity,  which  are  usually  carried  out  by  the  very  practice  of  applying  of encouragement and punishment. These include the principles of saving impetus and repression  (in  order  not  to  devalue  those  encouraged  and  punished,  it  should  be frugally  used);  utility  /  discommodity  (encouragement  should  be  beneficial  to  the person encouraged and vice versa); chance (every person who has got into a certain system  of  impetus  should  have  a  chance  to  get  this  stimulus);  timeliness (encouragement and punishment should be applied in a timely manner and, as a rule, immediately  after  the  action  taken);  information  content  (a  person  must  be  well aware of the procedure, terms, conditions of use of encouragement and punishment); comprehensibility  (the  encouragement  and  punishment  as  well  as  the  ways  of obtaining  them,  should  be  simple  and  understandable  from  the  first  reading);  the availability of the calculation (the person himself has to calculate the possibility of receiving of encouragement and punishment and decide whether additional energy should  be  paid  for  their  receipt);  the  struggle  of  motives  (the  person  is simultaneously exposed to various stimuli, for example, positive and negative, while the  main  is  those  which  in  this  situation  is  stronger);  personalization  (exclusively individual  usage  of  encouragement  and  punishment);  proportionality  (both encouragement  and  punishment  must  satisfy  the  nature  and  degree  of  action); guaranty (any action should be noted either positively or negatively).

So, the principles of the use of encouragement and punishment, as elements of the legal form of this type of activity, is its theoretical basis, the rules that reflect the most  common  features  of  encouragement  and  punishment  and  act  as  legal requirements. Therefore, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of encouragement and punishment, the principles of its practical implementation should be reflected in the form of specific requirements for this type of activity, at the level of  law  or  at  least  a  departmental  normative  act.  This  will  lead  to  a  single denominator  of  the  activities  of  all  subjects  of  execution  in  Ukraine  and  create conditions that  will support the  effectiveness  of  the  process of  encouragement  and punishment  of  the  persons  convicted,  which  will  ultimately  ensure  the  effective execution of this sentence.

Key  words:  principles  of  law,  system  of  principles  of  criminal-executive  law, general legal and specific principles, principles of encouragement and punishment, punishment in the form of imprisonment.

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