The article is devoted to the description of the Eastern European type of penitentiary system to which Ukraine and a number of other countries belong, in particular: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Greece, Kosovo, Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Czech Republic that is characterized by the following features: a fairly high number of people in detention; the minimum number of convicts who are foreign citizens; a slight excess of regulatory capacity of correctional institutions, a shortage of skilled workers, their constant rotation and not always the appropriate level of professional training are the main observations and recommendations of the supervisory bodies of the Council of Europe and other human rights organizations regarding the functioning of penitentiary institutions. The Eastern European type of penitentiary system is characterized by a search for a balanced approach to resolving the dilemmas between public safety and respect for the human rights doctrine, as well as the conditions of imprisonment in the form of imprisonment (which in most postSoviet states are destined to life), that often do not meet European penitentiary standards and regulations. The general trend is to reduce the total length of imprisonment, the gradual increase in prison facilities and the conditions of prisoners’ placement. The practice of using different remedies for convicts’ correction in terms of general education and vocational training, the application of individual programs for serving sentences and social reintegration, training psychological technologies, as well as the particular treatment of certain categories of convicts (drug addicts, women, persons convicted of sexual offenses, etc.) is expanding. Along with this, it has been determined that the common problems for post-Soviet countries are the overcrowding of correctional ones.

Key words: Eastern Europe, European Committee Against Torture, correctional colony, international standards, preparation for release, Criminal and Executive System, life imprisonment, security level, private prison.

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